And cheistian f



i106. COMPOSITIONS,

COATING OR PLASTIC.

UNITED STATES Reference PATE T OFFIC I PENNSYLVANIA, AND CHRISTIAN F. RILEY, OF ATLANTIC CITY, N. J.

I ARTIFICIAL STONE R BUILDING-BLOCK AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,586, dated December 23, 1884.

- Application filed June 9, 1884. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, OTTO J. E. VOGEL- BACH and JOHN CHRISTIAN WIELAND, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and CHRISTIAN F. RILEY, of Atlantic City, New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Artificial Stone or Building-Block and Process of Making the Same, of which the following is a full, true, and accurate description.

The object of our invention is to provide a building block which shalLbenninjW gl'mgs p h gr ic chan es k and both strong an cheap enough to e a safe and economical substitute for brick and stone.

Ourinvention accordingly consists of the following compound block and method of'making the same: We make a semi-liquid or pasty mixture of ground hydraulic cement and water. To this we add gradually a mixture of 2 ordinary ocean-beach sand and hydrous silicate of allumina coutainingfree silica. The mud of salt marshes near the ocean we have Iound o e e eso orm 1n w c his ingredient can be obtained, and it is peculiarly suitable to our compound, bothin its chemical proportions and the physical condition of its compounds. The mud and sand are thoroughly mixed together e ore elng stirred into the cement, as aforesaid, and when this has been 9 of marsh-mud, our-seventeenths,

N j I done we add to the mixture a solution of sili- The mass, which is of the consistency oi a"n ordinary brick-clay, is thencate of soda.

pressed into the blocks or bricks in brickpresses or otherwise, and then dried in the 7' e sun and air for six or more days, after which it is ready for use.

The proportions in which the above ingredients may be used may be considerably varied. For very fine blocks, which in finish 0 and quality resemble the better kinds of pressed bricks,we use of h draulic cement sixseventeenths, of sand s1x-seventeenths.

and of silicate of soda, one-seventeenth, 5)

Blocks resem lng common brick we make by usingof hydraulic cement, three-seventeenths,

(9 of sand, nine-seventeenths, of marshmud, four-seventeenths,( and of silicate of soda,'one-seventeenth Without confining ourselves strictly to the proportions given, we recommend that those ing-block composed of hydraulic cement,sand,

marsh-mud, and silicate of soda, in substan tially the proportions specified.

2. As anew article of manufacture, abuilding-block composed of hydraulic cement,sand, marsh-mud, and silicate of soda, in substantially the proportions specified, pressed'and dried without burning.

3. .The process of making an artificial building-block, which consists in adding to apasty mixture of hydraulic cement and water a mixture of sand an mars mud, and to this mixture a solution of's'ili''a'fmoda all in pro portions substantially as specified, and pressing the resultant compound into blocks.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands. 1

" OTTO J. E. VOGELBACH.

JOHN CHRISTIAN WIELAND.

CHRISTIAN F. RILEY.

Witnesses: 4

J OHN AUGT. WIELAND, SAMUEL E. Corn.

or'ro J. E. VOGELBACH AND JOHN onaIsrIANwIELAND, or PHILADELPHIA,

above specified should be substantiallyfol- 

